This influenced how the population acted during and for a period of time after the war. The Clay County provost marshal reported that both Frank and Jesse James took part in the Centralia Massacre in September, in which guerrillas stopped a train carrying unarmed Union soldiers returning home from duty and killed or wounded some 22 of them; the guerrillas scalped and dismembered some of the dead. His remains were later moved and reinterred at Richmond Cemetery in his native Richmond in Ray County, Missouri; "The man who shot Jesse James" was inscribed on his grave marker.[22]. Robert Ford drew his weapon and shot James in the back of the head. Terrified at the thought of incurring James' wrath over the killing of his cousin, Liddil determined that it would be safer to get the law involved and asked his mistress to intervene. In the spring he returned in a squad commanded by Fletch Taylor. Jesse James : Now you think otherwise? By the spring of 1882, with his gang depleted by arrests, deaths and defections, James thought that he could trust only the Ford brothers. Some said that Robert Ford killed someone other than James in an elaborate plot to allow him to escape justice. David the son of Jesse said, and the man who was raised up on high, the anointed of the God of Jacob, and the sweet psalmist of Israel, said, 2 The Spirit of the Lord spake by me, and his word was in my tongue. The robbery quickly went wrong, however, and after the robbery only Frank and Jesse James remained alive and free. Ford's brother Charley is believed to have taken part in the JamesYounger gang's Blue Cut train robbery[1] in Jackson County, west of Glendale, Missouri (renamed Selsa and now part of Independence), on September 7, 1881.[2][3]. The robbery netted little money. Many people from Missouri migrated to Kansas to try to influence its future. Missouri governor Thomas T. Crittenden assured Ford that he would receive a full pardon for the murder of Hite and James. It was the first time he was publicly labeled an "outlaw"; Missouri Governor Thomas T. Crittenden set a reward for his capture. In the course of a single day, the Ford brothers were indicted, pleaded guilty, were sentenced to death by hanging, and were granted a full pardon by Governor Crittenden. Edwards, his old enabler, no longer responded to his mail, seemingly content that many old Confederate colleagues had risen to positions of power around the region. One such occasion marked a significant turning point in Bob Fords life. January 15, 1874. Detectives threw an incendiary device into the house; it exploded, killing James's young half-brother Archie (named for Archie Clement) and blowing off one of Zerelda Samuel's arms. . Between his days as a teenage Confederate guerrilla and his murder at age 34, James became one of Americas most notorious outlaws. dead and in coffin, 1882. In the case, Daniel Smoote asked for $223.50 from Frank and Jesse James to replace a horse, saddle, and bridle stolen as they fled the robbery of the Daviess County Savings Bank. Jesse James was an outlaw, bank and train robber, Confederate guerrilla during the Civil War, and James- Younger Gang leader. "[27] In 1868, Frank and Jesse James allegedly joined Cole Younger in robbing a bank in Russellville, Kentucky. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Site contains certain content that is owned A&E Television Networks, LLC. The confession of Liddil to participating in Hite's murder made the news, and pressure began to build around James. On April 3, 1882, the Ford brothers met James at his home in St. Joseph, Mo. The bank was owned by Republican former militia officers who had recently conducted the first Republican Party rally in Clay County's history. They killed Heywood and Nicholas Gustafson, a Swedish immigrant from the Millersburg community west of Northfield. [4], Frank James eluded capture and was believed to have joined the guerrilla organization led by William C. Quantrill known as Quantrill's Raiders. "The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford Quotes." However, his makeshift gang was already coming apart at the seams, fueled by the tension between Hite and Liddil over their competition for the affection of the Fords' sister, a widow named Martha Bolton. The Chicago-based agency worked primarily against urban professional criminals, as well as providing industrial security, such as strike breaking. After forming a new band of outlaws, including Ford, James realizes that someone in his crew has conspired to kill him for the . After the Fords announced to authorities theyd killed the infamous outlaw, they were convicted of murder and sentenced to hang; however, the governor quickly pardoned them. Dalton died August 15, 1951, in Granbury, Texas. He was just 18, and along with his older brother, Charles, he joined the James Gang. Frank followed Quantrill into Kentucky, while Jesse went to Texas under the command of Archie Clement, one of Anderson's lieutenants. Richmond Missouri As to the money, he received only a fraction of the reward. With Brad Pitt, Mary-Louise Parker, Brooklynn Proulx, Dustin Bollinger. Raised in the "Little Dixie" area of Western Missouri, James and his family maintained strong Southern sympathies. They surrendered themselves to legal authorities but were dismayed to be charged with first degree murder. Because the gang received support by many former Confederate soldiers in Missouri, they eluded the Pinkertons. [53] Although Charley had been out on raids with James, Bob Ford was an eager new recruit. Assistant cashier Alonzo Enos Bunker was wounded in the shoulder as he fled through the back door of the bank. James didnt trust the Ford brothers, especially Bob. Steele, Philip W. "Jesse and Frank James: The Family History". Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. The robbery was the first in a spree of crimes, including the holdup of the federal paymaster of a canal project in Killen, Alabama, and two more train robberies. The five bandits outside fired into the air to clear the streets, driving the townspeople to take cover and fire back from protected positions. To carry out the robbery, the gang divided into two groups. He turned around and noticed a dusty picture above the mantle, and stood on a chair to clean it. Missouri was a border state, sharing characteristics of both North and South, but 75% of the population was from the South or other border states. The annual Victorian Festival in Jersey County, Illinois, is held on Labor Day weekend[91] at the 1866 Col. William H. Fulkerson estate Hazel Dell. As he did so, Bob drew his gun and shot him in the back of the head, killing him. . In May of that year, a Union militia company raided the JamesSamuel farm looking for Frank's group. All Rights Reserved. But he was forced to leave there too. Robert Ford wired the governor to claim his reward. [18] Six days later, the entire business district, including Ford's Exchange, burned to the ground in a major fire. Library of Congress Return to Crime In the aftermath of the failed Northfield bank robbery of 1876, Frank and Jesse James were forced to hide under. In May 1863, while at his familys farm, a teenage Jesse was ambushed and his stepfather hung from a tree by Union militiamen seeking the whereabouts of Frank and his fellow insurgents. The year 1876 was busy in the American West. He was buried in Granbury Cemetery, where the headstone bears the name of "Jesse Woodson James". The report, prepared by Anne C. Stone, Ph.D., James E. Starrs, L.L.M., and Mark Stoneking, Ph.D., confirmed that the mtDNA recovered from the remains was consistent with the mtDNA of one of James's relatives in the female line. [14] Others have argued that Jesse was at the time still bedridden with his wound and could not have participated. Dyer, Robert. "I wasn't the leader of any gang. They had two children who survived to adulthood: Jesse Edward James (b. According to witnesses, Ford's back was turned. Bob remained at the cottage and slyly migrated from room to room. [56][57][58] Frank, however, decided to move to safer territory and headed east to settle in Virginia. Then they slaughtered more than 100 federal troops trying to hunt them down. But unlike Ford, Kelly preferred to confront his enemies. In 1850, Robert James traveled to California to preach in the gold mining camps; however, not long after arriving he became sick and died. "Outlaw Gangs of the Middle Border: American Social Bandits,", This page was last edited on 11 April 2023, at 23:39. They intended to give up crime. [64][65] Public opinion was divided between those against the Fords for murdering Jesse and those of the opinion that it had been time for the outlaw to be stopped. Those are the classic words that Road Dogg Jesse James bellowed to alert the WWE Universe to the presence of the hell raising New Age Outlaws. During the gang's escape from the town, an innocent bystander, 17-year-old George C. "Jolly" Wymore, a student at William Jewell College, was shot dead on the street.[21]. Ford had his back to Kelly. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. Jesse suffered a serious wound to the chest that summer. Legend has it that Ford left after he lost a shooting contest with Jose Chavez y Chavez, an ally of Billy the Kid. Meanwhile, his former commander Archie Clement kept his bushwhacker gang together and began to harass Republican authorities. He never explained his motive for the murder. [28], James claimed he was taking revenge, and the daring escape he and Frank made through the middle of a posse shortly afterward attracted newspaper coverage for the first time. Then, check out the NYPD officer who carried her gun in her purse. Web. [11], These men were the likely culprits in the first daylight armed bank robbery in the United States during peacetime,[20] the robbery of the Clay County Savings Association in the town of Liberty, Missouri, on February13, 1866. [Jesse removes a towel, revealing his gun] Jesse James "I'm not afraid. [31] This was the beginning of an alliance between James and John Newman Edwards, editor and founder of the Kansas City Times. [93], Old Campsite of Jesse and Frank James: US 380, approximately 5 miles east of Decatur: Texas marker #3700 . And Mr. and Mrs. Howard, their two children and their cousin Charles Johnson strolled to the second Presbyterian Church to attend the 10:00 service. This extended a measure of protection over the JamesYounger gang by minimizing the incentive for attempting to capture them. However, by March 1882 members of the James Gang had dwindled, so James agreed. The gang barely escaped Northfield, leaving two dead companions behind. As promised, Governor Crittenden quickly pardoned the Fords, though the swiftness of his act produced bad optics for everyone involved. Ford never told the audience that he had shot James from behind. Jesse's response was to thumb his nose at them and stage another hold-up in September along the Chicago and Alton line outside Independence, Missouri. Over the years, several different men claimed to be Jesse James. [38][39], Allan Pinkerton, the agency's founder and leader, took on the case as a personal vendetta. . Suffering from tuberculosis (then incurable) and a morphine addiction, Charley Ford committed suicide on May 6, 1884, in Richmond, Missouri. Jesse Jr. became a lawyer who practiced in Kansas City, Missouri, and Los Angeles, California. If it wasnt for Jesse James, history wouldnt care about Robert Ford. On the night of January 25, 1875, he staged a raid on the homestead. Jesse James and Frank James, in full, respectively, Jesse Woodson James and Alexander Franklin James, (respectively, born September 5, 1847, near Centerville [now Kearney], Missouri, U.S.died April 3, 1882, St. Joseph, Missouri; born January 10, 1843, near Centervilledied February 18, 1915, near Kearney), two brothers who were among the most The outlaw's legend continues 135 years later in history books, novels, music, and movies. Charles heard that Frank James was seeking revenge on them for his brothers murder. The James brothers were most active as members of their own gang from about 1866 until 1876, when as a result of their attempted robbery of a bank in Northfield, Minnesota, several members of the gang were captured or killed. Their escape from a botched robbery in Northfield, Minnesota, in September 1876 that wiped out the rest of the gang seemingly bolstered the myth that the brothers were beyond the reach of the law. [22] On June 13, 1866, in Jackson County, Missouri, the gang freed two jailed members of Quantrill's gang, killing the jailer in the effort. [7][9], After a series of campaigns and battles between conventional armies in 1861, guerrilla warfare gripped Missouri, waged between secessionist "bushwhackers" and Union forces which largely consisted of local militias known as "jayhawkers". [73] During the Populist and Progressive eras, James became an icon as America's Robin Hood, standing up against corporations in defense of the small farmer, robbing from the rich and giving to the poor. By now, James legend had reached its zenith, while Robert Ford was viewed as a loathsome creature. Nonetheless, the crime was discovered, and Ford was arrested. In November 1881, after the train robbery, James moved his family to St. Joseph, Missouri, and intended to give up crime. [14] At the age of 17, Jesse suffered the second of two life-threatening chest wounds when he was shot while trying to surrender after they ran into a Union cavalry patrol near Lexington, Missouri.[16][17]. On July 21, 1873, infamous outlaw and American folk figure Jesse James robbed his first train in Adair, Iowa with the help of his posse, the James-Younger Gang. He spent the next two years repeatedly changing his identity and moving from place to place. After the train robbery, Jamess brother Frank James had also decided to retire from crime and moved East, settling in Lynchburg, Virginia.[4]. [63] Later, the Ford brothers starred in a touring stage show in which they reenacted the shooting. Jesse James did not become well known until December 7, 1869, when he (and most likely Frank) robbed the Daviess County Savings Association in Gallatin, Missouri. Three men entered the bank, two guarded the door outside, and three remained near a bridge across an adjacent square. The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford: Directed by Andrew Dominik. Minutes later the Ford brothers were running down the street, and Bob was yelling: I killed him! James's initiative in creating his rising public profile is debated by historians and biographers. After breakfast, they moved into the sitting room to discuss Jesses plan to rob the Platte City, Missouri Bank. In May 1865, a month after Confederate General Robert E. Lees surrender at Appomattox Court House, Jesse was shot in the chest during a skirmish with Union troops near Lexington, Missouri. Hoping to conceal the crime, he buried Hites body a mile from the house. (The stepfather survived.). Robert Ford later said he believed that James had realized they were there to betray him. 49K views 10 months ago #IWasThere After a botched robbery in 1876, Jessie James becomes one of the most famous outlaws in town - which soon leads to his demise, in this clip from Season 1, "The. Nightly he performed in the stage show Outlaws of Missouri, where he delivered his version of Jesse James final moments. Luckily Governor Crittenden stepped in two hours after the trial and as promised granted the brothers a full pardon. Historians have speculated about the identity of the shooter but have not reached consensus. Allan Pinkerton never pursued his hunt for Jesse and Frank any further. After 1873, he was covered by the national media as part of social banditry. (The Youngers were sentenced to life in prison; Robert Younger died behind bars in 1889, while his siblings were paroled in 1901.) [42][43], Across a creek and up a hill from the James house was the home of Daniel Askew, who is thought to have been killed by James or his gang on April 12, 1875. [72] During his lifetime, James was celebrated chiefly by former Confederates, to whom he appealed directly in his letters to the press. The Jesse James Tavern is located in Asdee. Shortly afterward, the state militia shot Clement dead. "Jesse James" is a 19th-century American folk song about the outlaw of the same name, first recorded by Bentley Ball in 1919 and subsequently by many others, including Bascom Lamar Lunsford, Vernon Dalhart, Woody Guthrie, Pete Seeger, The Kingston Trio, The Pogues, The Ramblin' Riversiders, The Country Gentlemen, Willy DeVille, Van Morrison, Harry McClintock, Grandpa Jones, Bob Seger, The . [15], On December 26, 1889, Ford survived an attempt on his life in Kansas City, Kansas when an assailant tried to slit his throat. In March, James invited the Ford brothers to join him, his wife and two children at their new home in St. Joseph, Missouri, in advance of a planned bank robbery. But the new gang was not made up of battle-hardened guerrillas; they soon turned against each other or were captured. [9][10], After the killing, the Fords wired Crittenden to claim their reward. Though ordered to move South beyond Union lines, they moved north across the nearby state border into Nebraska Territory. Already a celebrity in life, James became a legendary figure of the Wild West after his death. I was for Billy all the time." . This sentiment clashed with the general public opinion at the time of James's death that it had been time for James to be stopped by any means. Dalton was allegedly 101 years old at the time of his first public appearance, in May 1948. The Story Of Robert Ford The Coward Who Assassinated Jesse James. Jesse James Facts According to his brother, Frank, teenaged guerrilla Jesse James killed Major Johnston. He camouflaged his depressions and derangements with masquerades of extreme cordiality, courtesy, and goodwill towards others. For a period, Robert earned money by posing for photographs as "the man who killed Jesse James" in dime museums. [11] These tales have received little credence, then or since. The American outlaw and train robber was also a guerrilla and leader of the James-Younger Gang who grew up in the "Little Dixie" area of Western Missouri. STANDS4 LLC, 2023. Bob Ford operated a tent saloon in Creede, Colorado. A bitter conflict ensued, resulting in an escalating cycle of atrocities committed by both sides. [50], By 1881, with local Tennessee authorities growing suspicious, the brothers returned to Missouri, where they felt safer. Senators from the state, former Confederate military commander Francis Cockrell, and former Confederate Congressman George Graham Vest, were identified with the Confederate cause. James moved his family to St. Joseph, Missouri, in November 1881, not far from where he had been born and reared. Next, read about Benjamin Salomon, the dentist turned WWII war hero. On the afternoon of September 7, 1876, Jesse and Frank James, along with Cole, Jim and Robert Younger and three other associates, tried to rob the First National Bank of Northfield, Minnesota. [51][52], With his gang nearly annihilated, James trusted only the Ford brothers, Charley and Robert. Robert Ford posing with the gun he used to kill Jesse James. [70] His story did not hold up to questioning from James's surviving relatives.[71]. [13] Soon afterward, Robert Ford and Dick Liddil relocated to Las Vegas, New Mexico, where they opened a saloon. In 1879, the James gang robbed two stores in far western Mississippi, at Washington in Adams County and Fayette in Jefferson County. [18][19], Jesse recovered from his chest wound at his uncle's boardinghouse in Harlem, Missouri (north across the Missouri River from the City of Kansas's River Quay [changed to Kansas City in 1889]). He recruited a new gang in 1879 and returned to crime, holding up a train at Glendale, Missouri (now part of Independence),[49] on October 8, 1879. He was 30. [7], Living with the James family, the Fords became part of the daily routine, and Jamess wife cooked for them. Ten years after James's death, Ford was himself the victim of a fatal shot to the neck by Edward Capehart O'Kelley in Creede, Colorado, dying at only 30 years old. In early January 1882, Bolton met with Crittenden, who agreed to spare Liddil from prosecution for his testimony against the James boys. The original footstone is still there, although the family has replaced the headstone. Heaton Bowman Funeral Home, 36th Street and Frederick Avenue. [11] Frank James joined a local company recruited for the secessionist Drew Lobbs Army, and fought at the Battle of Wilson's Creek in August 1861. The Republican-dominated Reconstruction legislature passed a new state constitution that freed Missouri's slaves. He turned around and noticed a dusty picture above the mantel, and stood on a chair in order to clean it. Robert Ford : I ain't never seen you without your guns, neither. Updated: August 23, 2018 | Original: December 8, 2014. And while Hite, Liddil and the newcomers were enamored of the chance to join a legend in action, their expanded circle of associates brought in even more people who held no personal loyalty toward James, including fellow Missourians Charley and Robert Ford. James had two full siblings: his elder brother, Alexander Franklin "Frank" James, and a younger sister, Susan Lavenia James. 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Swedish immigrant from the Millersburg community West of Northfield went to Texas under the command of Archie Clement kept bushwhacker!
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